A Comparative Study on Level of erg11 Gene Expression in Non-albicans Candida Strains Isolated from Patients and Raw Milk

Nowadays, non-albicans Candida are common in human pathogens, and some of these cases were found in milk in the present study. Thanks to its various minerals and vitamins, milk is a good food source for humans and an ideal environment for the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. Also, it is an important product in the agricultural sector. Materials and Methods: In the present study, non-albicans candida, including Candida glabrata, Candia krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Candia tropicalis isolated from raw milk and samples isolated from patients using culture methods and molecular techniques such as PCR-RFLP and sequencing, were examined. The resistance and susceptibility of the above-mentioned candidaes to azole were examined. The samples were examined along with positive and negative control samples. RNA was isolated from all samples and then cDNA was synthesized. Then, using Real time-PCR technique, the levels of expression of genes involved in drug resistance of non-albicans candidaes were compared. Results: The expression of erg11 gene in the non-albicans candidaes was increased in samples isolated from humans compared to samples isolated from livestock, while no significant difference was found in the case of Candida glabrata isolated from the mentioned sources.